\u015eimdi PostgreSQL 16 versiyonundaki cluster’\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 17 versiyonuna pg_upgradecluster ile upgrade etme ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7elim. \u00d6rne\u011fimizde iki tane 16 versiyonunda cluster \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta ve bunlardan birini 17 versiyonuna upgrade edece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# pg_lsclusters\nVer Cluster Port Status Owner Data directory Log file\n16 main 5432 online postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/16\/main \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-16-main.log\n16 test 5433 online postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/16\/test \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-16-test.log<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u00d6ncelikle sunucumuza yeni versiyon PostgreSQL kurulumunu yap\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# sudo apt-get upgrade\n# wget --quiet -O - https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/media\/keys\/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add -\n# sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http:\/\/apt.postgresql.org\/pub\/repos\/apt\/ `lsb_release -cs`-pgdg main" >> \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/pgdg.list'\n# sudo apt-get install postgresql-17 postgresql-client-17<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\nYeni versiyonun kurulumu ile birlikte “main” isminde yeni bir cluster da otomatik olarak ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. Bu cluster’\u0131 kullanmayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in siliyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# pg_lsclusters\nVer Cluster Port Status Owner Data directory Log file\n16 main 5432 online postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/16\/main \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-16-main.log\n16 test 5433 online postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/16\/test \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-16-test.log\n17 main 5434 online postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/17\/main \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-17-main.log\n\n# pg_dropcluster --stop 17 main\n\n# pg_lsclusters\nVer Cluster Port Status Owner Data directory Log file\n16 main 5432 online postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/16\/main \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-16-main.log\n16 test 5433 online postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/16\/test \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-16-test.log\n<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u015eimdi pg_upgradecluster komutunu varsay\u0131lan ayarlar\u0131 ile kullanarak “test” ismindeki cluster’\u0131 17 versiyonuna g\u00fcncelliyoruz. Bu i\u015flem 17 versiyonunda “test” isimli bir cluster yaratacak ve pg_dump kullanarak verileri yeni cluster’a ta\u015f\u0131yacak. Ayn\u0131 zamanda konfig\u00fcrasyon dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yacak ve 16 versiyonundaki eski cluster’\u0131n port numaras\u0131n\u0131 da de\u011fi\u015ftirecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# pg_upgradecluster 16 test\n\n\tStopping old cluster...\n\tRestarting old cluster with restricted connections...\n\tNotice: extra pg_ctl\/postgres options given, bypassing systemctl for start operation\n\tCreating new PostgreSQL cluster 17\/test ...\n\t\/usr\/lib\/postgresql\/17\/bin\/initdb -D \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/17\/test --auth-local peer --auth-host scram-sha-256 --no-instructions --encoding UTF8 --lc-collate en_US.UTF-8 --lc-ctype en_US.UTF-8 --locale-provider libc\n\tThe files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".\n\tThis user must also own the server process.\n\n\tThe database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.UTF-8".\n\tThe default text search configuration will be set to "english".\n\n\tData page checksums are disabled.\n\n\tfixing permissions on existing directory \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/17\/test ... ok\n\tcreating subdirectories ... ok\n\tselecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix\n\tselecting default "max_connections" ... 100\n\tselecting default "shared_buffers" ... 128MB\n\tselecting default time zone ... Etc\/UTC\n\tcreating configuration files ... ok\n\trunning bootstrap script ... ok\n\tperforming post-bootstrap initialization ... ok\n\tsyncing data to disk ... ok\n\n\tCopying old configuration files...\n\tCopying old start.conf...\n\tCopying old pg_ctl.conf...\n\tStarting new cluster...\n\tNotice: extra pg_ctl\/postgres options given, bypassing systemctl for start operation\n\tRunning init phase upgrade hook scripts ...\n\n\tRoles, databases, schemas, ACLs...\n\t set_config\n\t------------\n\n\t(1 row)\n\n\t set_config\n\t------------\n\n\t(1 row)\n\n\tFixing hardcoded library paths for stored procedures...\n\tUpgrading database postgres...\n\tFixing hardcoded library paths for stored procedures...\n\tUpgrading database template1...\n\tStopping target cluster...\n\tStopping old cluster...\n\tDisabling automatic startup of old cluster...\n\tStarting upgraded cluster on port 5433...\n\tRunning finish phase upgrade hook scripts ...\n\tvacuumdb: processing database "postgres": Generating minimal optimizer statistics (1 target)\n\tvacuumdb: processing database "template1": Generating minimal optimizer statistics (1 target)\n\tvacuumdb: processing database "postgres": Generating medium optimizer statistics (10 targets)\n\tvacuumdb: processing database "template1": Generating medium optimizer statistics (10 targets)\n\tvacuumdb: processing database "postgres": Generating default (full) optimizer statistics\n\tvacuumdb: processing database "template1": Generating default (full) optimizer statistics\n\n\tSuccess. Please check that the upgraded cluster works. If it does,\n\tyou can remove the old cluster with\n\t\tpg_dropcluster 16 test\n\n\tVer Cluster Port Status Owner Data directory Log file\n\t16 test 5434 down postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/16\/test \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-16-test.log\n\tVer Cluster Port Status Owner Data directory Log file\n\t17 test 5433 online postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/17\/test \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-17-test.log\n\n\n# pg_lsclusters\nVer Cluster Port Status Owner Data directory Log file\n16 main 5432 online postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/16\/main \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-16-main.log\n16 test 5434 down postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/16\/test \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-16-test.log\n17 test 5433 online postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/17\/test \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-17-test.log<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u015eimdi ise pg_upgradecluster \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken “pg_upgrade –link” y\u00f6ntemini kullanal\u0131m. G\u00fcncelledi\u011fimiz cluster’\u0131 silerek, eski test cluster’\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 yeniden a\u00e7al\u0131m ve sonras\u0131nda pg_upgradecluster komutunu “link” y\u00f6ntemi ile ve “parallel”, “rename” opsiyonlar\u0131n\u0131 da deneyerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ral\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# pg_dropcluster 17 test --stop\n# pg_ctlcluster start 16 test\n# pg_lsclusters\nVer Cluster Port Status Owner Data directory Log file\n16 main 5432 online postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/16\/main \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-16-main.log\n16 test 5434 online postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/16\/test \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-16-test.log\n\n\n# pg_upgradecluster 16 test --method link --jobs 2 --rename test17\n\n\tStopping old cluster...\n\tCreating new PostgreSQL cluster 17\/test17 ...\n\t\/usr\/lib\/postgresql\/17\/bin\/initdb -D \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/17\/test17 --auth-local peer --auth-host scram-sha-256 --no-instructions --encoding UTF8 --lc-collate en_US.UTF-8 --lc-ctype en_US.UTF-8 --locale-provider libc\n\tThe files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".\n\tThis user must also own the server process.\n\n\tThe database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.UTF-8".\n\tThe default text search configuration will be set to "english".\n\n\tData page checksums are disabled.\n\n\tfixing permissions on existing directory \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/17\/test17 ... ok\n\tcreating subdirectories ... ok\n\tselecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix\n\tselecting default "max_connections" ... 100\n\tselecting default "shared_buffers" ... 128MB\n\tselecting default time zone ... Etc\/UTC\n\tcreating configuration files ... ok\n\trunning bootstrap script ... ok\n\tperforming post-bootstrap initialization ... ok\n\tsyncing data to disk ... ok\n\n\tCopying old configuration files...\n\tCopying old start.conf...\n\tCopying old pg_ctl.conf...\n\tRunning init phase upgrade hook scripts ...\n\n\t\/usr\/lib\/postgresql\/17\/bin\/pg_upgrade -b \/usr\/lib\/postgresql\/16\/bin -B \/usr\/lib\/postgresql\/17\/bin -p 5434 -P 5433 -d \/etc\/postgresql\/16\/test -D \/etc\/postgresql\/17\/test17 --link -j 2\n\tFinding the real data directory for the source cluster ok\n\tFinding the real data directory for the target cluster ok\n\tPerforming Consistency Checks\n\t-----------------------------\n\tChecking cluster versions ok\n\tChecking database user is the install user ok\n\tChecking database connection settings ok\n\tChecking for prepared transactions ok\n\tChecking for contrib\/isn with bigint-passing mismatch ok\n\tChecking data type usage ok\n\tCreating dump of global objects ok\n\tCreating dump of database schemas\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t ok\n\tChecking for presence of required libraries ok\n\tChecking database user is the install user ok\n\tChecking for prepared transactions ok\n\tChecking for new cluster tablespace directories ok\n\n\tIf pg_upgrade fails after this point, you must re-initdb the\n\tnew cluster before continuing.\n\n\tPerforming Upgrade\n\t------------------\n\tSetting locale and encoding for new cluster ok\n\tAnalyzing all rows in the new cluster ok\n\tFreezing all rows in the new cluster ok\n\tDeleting files from new pg_xact ok\n\tCopying old pg_xact to new server ok\n\tSetting oldest XID for new cluster ok\n\tSetting next transaction ID and epoch for new cluster ok\n\tDeleting files from new pg_multixact\/offsets ok\n\tCopying old pg_multixact\/offsets to new server ok\n\tDeleting files from new pg_multixact\/members ok\n\tCopying old pg_multixact\/members to new server ok\n\tSetting next multixact ID and offset for new cluster ok\n\tResetting WAL archives ok\n\tSetting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster ok\n\tRestoring global objects in the new cluster ok\n\tRestoring database schemas in the new cluster\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t ok\n\tAdding ".old" suffix to old global\/pg_control ok\n\n\tIf you want to start the old cluster, you will need to remove\n\tthe ".old" suffix from \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/16\/test\/global\/pg_control.old.\n\tBecause "link" mode was used, the old cluster cannot be safely\n\tstarted once the new cluster has been started.\n\tLinking user relation files\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t ok\n\tSetting next OID for new cluster ok\n\tSync data directory to disk ok\n\tCreating script to delete old cluster ok\n\tChecking for extension updates ok\n\n\tUpgrade Complete\n\t----------------\n\tOptimizer statistics are not transferred by pg_upgrade.\n\tOnce you start the new server, consider running:\n\t\t\/usr\/lib\/postgresql\/17\/bin\/vacuumdb --all --analyze-in-stages\n\tRunning this script will delete the old cluster's data files:\n\t\t.\/delete_old_cluster.sh\n\tpg_upgradecluster: pg_upgrade output scripts are in \/var\/log\/postgresql\/pg_upgradecluster-16-17-test17.WyLf\n\tDisabling automatic startup of old cluster...\n\tStarting upgraded cluster on port 5434...\n\tRunning finish phase upgrade hook scripts ...\n\tvacuumdb: processing database "postgres": Generating minimal optimizer statistics (1 target)\n\tvacuumdb: processing database "template1": Generating minimal optimizer statistics (1 target)\n\tvacuumdb: processing database "postgres": Generating medium optimizer statistics (10 targets)\n\tvacuumdb: processing database "template1": Generating medium optimizer statistics (10 targets)\n\tvacuumdb: processing database "postgres": Generating default (full) optimizer statistics\n\tvacuumdb: processing database "template1": Generating default (full) optimizer statistics\n\n\tSuccess. Please check that the upgraded cluster works. If it does,\n\tyou can remove the old cluster with\n\t\tpg_dropcluster 16 test\n\n\tVer Cluster Port Status Owner Data directory Log file\n\t16 test 5433 down postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/16\/test \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-16-test.log\n\tVer Cluster Port Status Owner Data directory Log file\n\t17 test17 5434 online postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/17\/test17 \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-17-test17.log\n\n\n\n# pg_lsclusters\nVer Cluster Port Status Owner Data directory Log file\n16 main 5432 online postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/16\/main \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-16-main.log\n16 test 5433 down postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/16\/test \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-16-test.log\n17 test17 5434 online postgres \/var\/lib\/postgresql\/17\/test17 \/var\/log\/postgresql\/postgresql-17-test17.log\n<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\nUpgrade i\u015flemi ile birlikte pg_upgradecluster’\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi pre ve post i\u015flemleri de komut \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131nda g\u00f6rebilirsiniz. \u00c7\u0131kt\u0131daki \u015fu uyar\u0131 link modu kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve yeni versiyon cluster a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra eski cluster’\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor: Because “link” mode was used, the old cluster cannot be safely started once the new cluster has been started.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\nY\u00f6ntemden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak upgrade i\u015flemlerindeki en \u00f6nemli iki nokta, do\u011fru haz\u0131rl\u0131k<\/strong> ve geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f plan\u0131 <\/strong>olu\u015fturmad\u0131r. Do\u011fru haz\u0131rl\u0131k a\u015famas\u0131nda veri taban\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan t\u00fcm uygulamalar\u0131n veri taban\u0131n\u0131n hedef versiyonunda test edilmeleri, ayr\u0131ca upgrade ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n da test ve d\u00f6k\u00fcmante edilmesi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f plan\u0131 ise upgade i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya da sonras\u0131nda ya\u015fanabilecek ciddi sorunlara kar\u015f\u0131 bir haz\u0131rl\u0131kt\u0131r. Veri taban\u0131n\u0131n yeni versiyona sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ge\u00e7ememesi ya da yeni versiyonda uygulama fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131 ile birlikte k\u0131sa s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde d\u00fczeltme \u015fans\u0131n\u0131n da olmamas\u0131 durumlar\u0131nda, eski versiyona veri kayb\u0131 olmadan ge\u00e7ebilmek gereklidir. Bunun i\u00e7in geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f plan\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 upgrade \u00f6ncesinde olu\u015fturmal\u0131 ve test etmeliyiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\nPostgreSQL veri tabanlar\u0131n\u0131zda maj\u00f6r versiyon y\u00fckseltmesi yapman\u0131z i\u00e7in 3 farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntem mevcut. Bunlar : Bu y\u00f6ntemlerin avantaj\/dezavantajlar\u0131 anlam\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131ca \u00fczerlerinden ge\u00e7elim. pg_dumpall ile upgrade yapmak t\u00fcm veriyi kopyalamak anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fi i\u00e7in veri taban\u0131 boyutu b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e uygulanabilirli\u011fi azal\u0131r. Boyut b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e kesinti s\u00fcresi ve veri aktar\u0131m\u0131nda hata ihtimali artacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca upgrade i\u015flemi i\u00e7in ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z olacak disk alan\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-352","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stradata.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/352","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stradata.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stradata.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stradata.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stradata.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=352"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/stradata.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/352\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":367,"href":"https:\/\/stradata.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/352\/revisions\/367"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stradata.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=352"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stradata.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=352"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stradata.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=352"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/stradata.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/elephant1-1-1024x664.png\")
<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"